Commodities May 12, 2026 04:54 AM

China’s Current Tariffs on U.S. Energy and Farm Exports: A Detailed Breakdown

Summarising the levies affecting crude, LNG, petrochemicals, coal and key agricultural products ahead of a high-level summit

By Leila Farooq

As U.S. and Chinese leaders prepare to meet in Beijing, several energy and agricultural transactions that U.S. officials expect to discuss remain subject to Chinese tariffs. This article lists the current tariffs China applies to major U.S. exports, specifying how each rate is composed and identifying areas where additional levies or quota mechanisms create variability.

China’s Current Tariffs on U.S. Energy and Farm Exports: A Detailed Breakdown

Key Points

  • China applies combined tariffs to U.S. crude oil, LNG, propane/ethane, coal, soybeans and beef, with headline rates ranging from 11% to as high as 77% depending on quotas and product-specific levies.
  • Energy sector impacts: crude oil faces a 20% tariff and LNG a 25% tariff; coal carries a variable total of 28% to 31% depending on coal characteristics.
  • Agriculture impacts: soybeans face a 13% tariff while beef can range from 22% to 77% when quota-triggered additional duties are factored in.

U.S. President Donald Trump is scheduled to travel to Beijing this week for a summit with President Xi Jinping, and U.S. officials have said energy and agricultural deals are expected during the meeting. Much of the trade in those sectors continues to face Chinese tariffs that affect costs and trade flows.

Below is a detailed summary of the tariffs China currently applies to selected U.S. energy and agricultural goods, with an explanation of how each total rate is calculated:

  • Crude oil - 20%

    This includes a product-specific 10% tariff on U.S. crude oil announced in February, combined with a broader 10% additional tariff that China has applied to all U.S. imports.

  • LNG - 25%

    The total reflects a 15% tariff on U.S. liquefied natural gas announced in February, plus the 10% levy imposed on all U.S. imports.

  • Propane and ethane - 11%

    The 11% total comprises an existing 1% import tariff on propane and ethane and the 10% surcharge applied to all U.S. imports.

  • Coal - 28% to 31%

    The range reflects multiple components: China’s existing import tariff on coal varies from 3% to 6% depending on the coal’s volatile matter; a 15% retaliatory tariff on U.S. coal announced in February; and the 10% levy on all U.S. imports.

  • Soybeans - 13%

    China’s 13% rate on soybeans combines the 10% levy applied to all U.S. imports with a 3% most-favoured-nation tariff on soybean imports.

  • Beef - 22% to 77%

    The beef tariff outcome depends on quota status. It includes China’s 12% most-favoured-nation tariff on beef and the 10% levy on all U.S. imports. If imports exceed established quota levels, an extra 55% tariff applies under a system Beijing introduced in December to support its domestic cattle industry, producing a potential combined rate in the 22% to 77% range.

These levies combine standing import tariffs with retaliatory and broad additional tariffs applied to U.S. goods, producing the headline rates outlined above. The range on coal and on beef reflects variable elements - in coal, differences in the base import tariff tied to product characteristics; in beef, a quota-triggered extra duty.

For market participants and observers, these tariff compositions are central to understanding the immediate cost environment for U.S. exports to China in the affected categories. The figures above reflect announced measures and the broad 10% levy China has placed on all imports from the United States.


Note - This article presents the currently announced tariff rates and the components that produce the totals listed. It does not add or modify the underlying figures provided by official announcements.

Risks

  • Variable tariff components create uncertainty for importers and exporters - e.g., coal tariffs vary with the coal’s volatile matter, affecting procurement and pricing in the energy sector.
  • Quota-linked additional duties on beef mean shipments that exceed quota levels face a significantly higher tariff, introducing volume and cost uncertainty for beef exporters and importers in the agricultural sector.
  • Broad additional levy of 10% on all U.S. imports raises baseline costs across multiple sectors, complicating negotiations or deal implementation for energy and agricultural transactions.

More from Commodities

Ivory Coast council to dispatch officials after farmers protest over unpaid cocoa sales May 12, 2026 Governments Expand Measures to Protect Households from Rising Energy Costs May 12, 2026 Iranian Officials Say Kharg Island Oil Slick Likely Linked to Tanker Ballast Discharge May 12, 2026 Euronext Wheat Climbs 4% After USDA Flags Smallest U.S. Crop Since 1972 May 12, 2026 U.S. Weighs Billions in Financing to Speed Delivery of Large Nuclear Plant Components May 12, 2026